Стр.56-57 Модуль 3 ГДЗ Starlight Баранова 8 класс
3f Moving out Vocabulary Space 1 Say the names of the planets in our solar system. Listen and check. Reading 2 Read the title of the text and the quote.
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Приведем выдержку из задания из учебника Баранова, Дули, Копылова 8 класс, Просвещение:
3f Moving out
Vocabulary
Space
1 Say the names of the planets in our solar system. Listen and check.
Reading
2 Read the title of the text and the quote. What could the problems of space colonisation be? How could these problems be solved? Read to find out.
“I don’t think the human race will survive the next 1,000 years unless we spread into space. ”
Stephen Hawking,
English physicist & cosmologist
Space colonization
Future of Fantasy?
Since Neil Armstrong stepped foot on the Moon on 20th July, 1969 and declared "One small step for man, one giant leap for mankind”, people have been dreaming about creating futuristic communities in space. Science-fiction films such as 2001: A Space Odyssey and Star Wars have filled our minds with images of spacecraft travelling at the speed of light to colonies on other planets in other solar system. Until now, these ideas have just been fantasy, but now leading scientists such as Stephen Hawking say that colonising space is the only answer for the future survival of mankind otherwise we will die out. [1] But is space colonisation really possible?
One solution would be for us to move to space stations orbiting near Earth. After all, astronauts have already been living on NASA’s International Space Station (ISS) continuously since 2000. The ISS gets its power from solar panels, it generates its own oxygen and even recycles water, but theretasks still a huge problem; all of its food and other supplies have to be se": mom Earth.
[2] So maybe colonising the Moon would be a better solution! The Moon has rich resources which could be used to construct a colony. Also, in 2009, scientists found water on the moon, which could be used to extract oxygen for breathing. [3] There is no atmosphere on the Moon and it is boiling hot during 13 days of sunlight and then freezing cold during 13 days of darkness. So any human colony there would have to live in a huge "door biosphere".
Mars would be another option, but re problems there would be similar to those on the moon. Scientists have suggested creating a more Earth-like atmosphere there by releasing carbon dioxide and warming it up, but this could take about 1, 000 years!
Stephen Hawking believes that the best solution is to look for Earthlike planets to colonise. “If only 1% of the 1,000 or so stars within 30 light years of Earth had an Earth-sized rocky planet in just the right place for life, there would still be 10 planets for colonisation in our ‘neighbourhood’,” Hawking said. However, even if we found the perfect planet, we wouldn’t be able to get there at the moment! Travelling on Voyager 1, the fastest spacecraft we’ve ever sent into space, it would take over 700.000 years to get to Alpha Centauri, the closest star system. Hawking, though, believes that new technologies could soon help us to travel just below the speed of light, reaching the next star to Earth in only 6 years.
If we had endless amounts of money for space exploration, we would have already overcome these problems and built the first space colonies. The fact is. it costs about ?6,000 to put half a kilo of anything into near-Earth orbit. [4] Just imagine - if people hadn’t given Columbus money for his voyage to America in 1492, NASA probably wouldn’t even exist today!
So, although there are many challenges to overcome, Professor Hawking still believes it will only be a matter of time before we are living in space. [5] What do you think? Is space truly ‘the final frontier’?
Check these words
spread, colonisation, leap, mankind, futuristic community, orbit, solar panel, generate, supplies, resources, construct, colony, extract, atmosphere, carbon dioxide, warm sth up, endless, exploration, overcome, final frontier, self-sufficient, centuries, millennia, afford, harsh, wipe out, catastrophe, meteor, nuclear war
3 For each gap 1-5, choose from the sentences A-F the one that best fits each gap. One sentence is extra. Compare with your partner. Justify your answers.
A Humans would need to be self-sufficient to survive in space long-term.
В The only question is whether this happens in years, centuries or millennia.
C Exploring space, however, is not without risk.
D Nevertheless, Professor Hawking believes that we can afford to give 0.25% of the worldtasks financial resources to colonise space.
E Life there would be very harsh, though.
F He believes that sooner or later we will be wiped out by a catastrophe such as a meteor or nuclear war.
4 Complete with: self-sufficient, harsh, warm up, afford, release.
1 Jupitertasks moons have very harsh climates with ice fields, storms and acid rain, so it would be impossible to live there.
2 The ISS isntaskt self-sufficient because it cantaskt produce or make everything that it needs.
3 Climate change could warm up the Earth by 3°C by 2100.
4 Power stations release carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.
5 Only the worldtasks richest can afford to be a space tourist; it costs about $20 million!
5 Find the correct word. Check in your dictionaries.
1 Supplies such as food and equipment are sent to the ISS from Earth.
2 Hawking believes we can overcome all the problems and colonise space.
3 Some scientists believe a huge asteroid or comet could wipe out life on Earth.
4 There are many options for colonising space; the possibilities are endless.
Grammar
Mixed conditionals
6 Study the table. Find examples in the text.
IF-CLAUSE & MAIN CLAUSE
(type 2) If we had the technology to travel faster. (but we haven’t)
(type 3) we would have colonised other planets by now. (we haventaskt)
(type 3) If Tim had studied Medicine, (but he didntaskt)
(type 2) he would be a doctor now (he isntaskt)
7 Rewrite the sentences using mixed conditionals, as in the example.
1 Angie doesntaskt like science-fiction films, so she didntaskt go to the cinema with the others. If Angie liked science-fiction films, she would have gone to the cinema with the others.
2 Sam doesntaskt have good eyesight, so he wasntaskt accepted on the astronaut training programme.
3 Mark didntaskt hand in his project, so he wontaskt pass the astronomy course.
4 Greg was studying all night, so hetasks tired now.
5 He cantaskt afford it, so he hasntaskt applied to study abroad.
6 Janet is interested in astronomy, so she visited the planetarium yesterday.
Speaking & Writing
8 Listen to and read the article in Ex. 3 again, then tell your partner three reasons why colonising space is difficult.
Colonising space is difficult because colonies would have to be self-sufficient.
9 Think! Close your eyes and imagine you’re in a spacecraft. What are you doing and what can you see and hear? How do you feel? Tell your partner.
I’m wearing a spacesuit and I’m floating around in the spacecraft. Out of the window I can see stars …
10 Think! Would you like to live in a space colony? Why/Why not? In a few minutes, write a few sentences on this topic. Read your sentences to the class.