Стр.89 Unit 10 ГДЗ Вербицкая Forward 9 класс
LISTENING AND SPEAKING 1 A group of young professionals is discussing the list with ‘Leaders & Followers’ descriptions on page 88.
Решение #
Решение #
Решение #
Решение #1
Решение #2
Решение #3
Приведем выдержку из задания из учебника Вербицкая, Маккинли, Хастингс 9 класс, Вентана-Граф:
LISTENING AND SPEAKING
1 A group of young professionals is discussing the list with ‘Leaders & Followers’ descriptions on page 88. Listen to their discussion and decide:
• what their attitude towards this list is.
• which of the statements the speakers support.
• which opinions the speakers do not share.
Текст аудирования:
Vicky: You have great descriptions of leaders in the list. I especially like the initiation part! But, frankly, I don’t want any followers like you describe here. Followers should be willing, not forced. They should embrace change, though they may not initiate it. But they certainly shouldn’t despise it. Otherwise they’re not following.
Margaret: True! We should never underestimate the power of initiation. I might also add to your list: Leaders do what needs to be done even if they don’t feel like it. Good list!
Michael: The truth is, there will always be more followers than leaders, and in most cases we ourselves will follow more than we lead. I don’t particularly like
this opposition — leaders versus followers. Following is not subordinate to leading — it is just different. As a matter of fact, no competent leader has not first been a responsible follower. Good followers become leaders, because the initial leader soon fades out of sight and more followers follow the followers.
Holly: I must say I am a natural follower and always have been, however I also find myself in the position of leader as an adult. As a child, I sometimes resented that others took the lead. Now that I have children I feel sad when other children lead them in play. They meet resistance if they want to lead and therefore give up.
Anna: I don’t think there’s anything wrong with being a follower. Followers may be just modest by nature, or love stability in life. I agree with the point that followers simply want to maintain their status quo and have no wish to risk or try anything new. It is the leaders who invite change in their own lives and in the context of their leadership. Indeed, it’s good for all of us to know that change is often the way we grow and improve. Scott: Success in life is about believing in yourself and in the future. I want to be a good example to my children in this respect. Therefore, I try to take leadership roles like organizing events and activities for school and family time, and being a good but firm leader for my fellow students.
2 Study the graph and in pairs discuss the rating of qualities that are considered to be most important for leaders in modern business world. Will this rating be the same for other walks of life, i.e. politics/art/sport/education? Give arguments in support of your opinion using the phrases from Speak Out.
3 In the contemporary world, research-technology leaders must understand business as well as technology. Listen to the text about Zhores Alferov, the 2000 Nobel Prize winner, and answer the questions.
1 What is Zhores Alferov’s field of scientific and research activity?
2 What are the spheres for industrial and technological application of his scientific achievements?
3 What was he awarded the Nobel Prize for?
4 Which institution does he head?
5 What kind of leader is he?
6 Why does Zhores Alferov consider it important to recognize other people’s talent?
Текст аудирования:
You are listening to the programmer ‘The World Today’. Time for our popular series “Great Contemporaries in Science”. Here is the story of the life, work and scientific success of outstanding Russian physicist Zhores Alferov.
Zhores Ivanovich Alferov is a Russian physicist who made major contributions to electronics. In 2000 he shared the Nobel Prize in Physics with German-born American physicist Herbert Kroemer and American electrical engineer Jack Kilby.
Alferov was born in Vitebsk to parents born and raised in Byelorussia. His father was a well-educated man, a graduate of the Industrial Academy in Saint Petersburg. Due to his father’s professional activity the family lived all over the country: Volgograd, Novosibirsk, Barnaul and eventually Minsk, where Zhores attended a boy’s school in the destroyed post-war city.
He was lucky enough to have an excellent Physics teacher who was devoted to his subject and had a gift for making the boys’ imagination work. Zhores was greatly impressed by his lectures on radar systems. After finishing school Zhores took his teacher’s advice on where to continue his education and attended the celebrated Ulyanov Electro technical Institute in Leningrad.
After graduating in 1952 Zhores began work at the Ioffe Physico-Technical Institute of the USSR Academy of Sciences and in 1987 became director of the institute. At that time work on creation of the new semiconductor electronics and space investigation was of utmost importance. Understanding the logic of the rapidly developing electronics industry, Alferov coached and created an organization that could win in the marketplace. In 1972 Zhores together with his students and colleagues was awarded the Lenin Prize — the highest scientific prize in the USSR.
Alferov’s style of work is based on belief in human talent and good team work. His ability to recognize research talent in others and to spot rare and valuable leadership qualities in young researchers is highly respected by his colleagues. Alferov is also a great communicator, always ready to face the toughest of challenges. He is capable of effective communication internally with the research staff of his institute, and externally with executives who lack technical knowledge. His ability to explain scientific views clearly, to formulate business strategy and solve critical business problems is exceptional.
He was elected a corresponding member of the USSR Academy of Sciences in 1972, and a full member in 1979. Since 1989 he has been Vice-President of the USSR Academy of Sciences and President of its Saint Petersburg Scientific Centre. He has also been a member of the State Duma since 1995.
In 2000 he received the Nobel Prize in Physics together with Herbert Kroemer, ‘for developing semiconductor hater ostructures used in high-speed and optoelectronics’.
Alferov invented the heterotransistor. This could cope with much higher frequencies than its predecessors and revolutionised the mobile phone and satellite communications. Alferov and Kroemer independently applied this technology to firing laser lights. This in turn revolutionized semiconductor design in a host of areas, including LEDs, barcode readers and CDs.
In the words of Hermann Grammies from the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, which awards Nobel Prizes: ‘Without Alferov it would not be possible to transfer all the information from satellites down to the Earth, or to have so many telephone lines between cities.’
SPEAK OUT
Supporting arguments
You may think of different ways to support your arguments by:
• giving examples
• giving personal experience
• giving statistics
• quoting
• giving reasons
• explaining consequences
• predicting
4 Prepare a talk about Zhores Alferov. Express your opinion and describe his leadership skills. Make use of the information you have learned from the recording about him and the phrases given below.
to grasp the logic of rapidly developing electronic industry
to make major contributions to electronics technology
to formulate business strategy
to be able to communicate effectively
to be able to explain his views clearly
to recognize talent in others
to be able to spot rare and valuable leadership
ability in young researchers
to face tough challenges
to solve critical business problems
to motivate, coach and create an organization
that can win in the marketplace
SPEAK OUT
Presenting personal opinion
State an opinion I think it is fair to say that...
Provide reasons that support the opinion I mean ... The thing is ... The reason why I am saying it is .... It’s common knowledge that...
Use linking words and phrases to connect opinion and reasons e.g., because, therefore, since, for example, for instance, in order to, in addition
Finish up with a concluding statement in conclusion I’d like to say ... I think I’ll finish up by saying that...