Задание 11 Юнит 9 Рабочая тетрадь ГДЗ Вербицкая Forward 9 класс
LISTENING 11 T13 Read notes 1-2. Then listen and match them to speakers A-C. There is one extra speaker. 1 means therefore means because means equal to, same as means not equal to 2 shorthand = writing w’ sings + symbols speak 150 wpm, write 35 wpm (= therefore) imp.
Решение #
Приведем выдержку из задания из учебника Вербицкая, Маккинли, Хастингс 9 класс, Вентана-Граф:
LISTENING
11 T13 Read notes 1-2. Then listen and match them to speakers A-C. There is one extra speaker.
1 means therefore
means because
means equal to, same as
means not equal to
2 shorthand = writing w’ sings + symbols speak 150 wpm, write 35 wpm (= therefore) imp. write more quickly (s/h)
Текст аудирования:
A: I want to tell you a bit about the history of shorthand — the abbreviated way of writing with signs and symbols. Most people speak at more than 150 words per minute — but normal writing is about 35 words per minute. Therefore, if it’s important to write down another person’s exact words, you need a quicker method than longhand — and this is where shorthand comes from. Obviously, nowadays, fewer people use shorthand because we have good recording equipment.
B: A lot of abbreviations in English come from Latin because — in the past — most texts were written in Latin, for example, Bibles. Some examples are ‘ca’ which stands for circa and means ‘about’ or ‘approximately’. Another common one is ‘etc.’ which as you know stands for etcetera and means ‘and so on’ or ‘more things like this’. If you want to learn more abbreviations, a good reference is my book, Quick and Efficient Note Taking, available in all good bookshops.
C: Before I start I’ll show you some standard symbols you can use when you take notes in lectures. First, three dots — two at the bottom, one on top means ‘therefore’, the other way up — two at the top, one at the bottom means ‘because’. We use the Maths symbol for equals, two lines, to mean ‘the same as’ — but put a line across and it means ‘not equal to’ or ‘not the same as’ ... What else? Oh, yes another useful symbol is two small marks which means ‘ditto’. Ditto means that you want to repeat the word or words above.