Стр.110-111 Рабочая тетрадь ГДЗ Комарова Ларионова 9 класс
Grammar bank 7 Modals of obligation, prohibition and ability obligation and prohibition (present) о We use must or have to for obligation.
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Приведем выдержку из задания из учебника Комарова, Ларионова 9 класс, Русское слово:
Grammar bank 7
Modals of obligation, prohibition and ability
obligation and prohibition (present)
о We use must or have to for obligation.
You must/have to spend five days in prison.
о We use dontaskt have to when there is no obligation (something isn’t necessary). Sometimes Alain is invited to do a stunt, so he doesntaskt always have to avoid the police.
о We use mustntaskt when something is prohibited. It doesn’t have the same meaning as dontaskt have to.
You mustntaskt use this lift. (It’s prohibited - maybe it doesn’t work and it’s dangerous.)
You dontaskt have to use this lift. (It’s not necessary - there are others, or you can walk up the stairs.)
о After must we use the infinitive without to.
You must wait here. V
You must to wait here. X
о We use has to in the third person, and do/ does in questions and the negative.
affirmative (obligation)
I/You/We/They He/She/It have to/must / has to/must check.
negative (no obligation)
I/You/We/They He/She/It don’t have to / doesn’t have to pay.
negative (prohibition)
I/You/He/She/ It/We/They mustn’t climb.
ability (present)
о We use can for ability.
Alain Robert can climb the worldtasks tallest skyscrapers.
He cantaskt rest until he reaches the top.
о After can we use the infinitive without to.
He can climb buildings without ropes. V
He can to climb buildings without ropes. X
о All persons are the same, we don’t use -s in the third person.
She can speak several languages. V
She cans speak several languages.- X
obligation (past)
о We use had to in the past. We never use must in the past.
We had to tell the security guard. V
We musted tell the security guard. X
о We use didntaskt have to for no obligation in the past.
He didntaskt have to go to prison - he had to pay a large fine.
ability (past)
о We use could for ability in the past.
He could climb mountains without ropes.
She couldntaskt swim when she was six.
Modals of deduction and possibility
o We use must and cantaskt for deduction.
о We use must when we are certain about something because there is a logical explanation for it.
Sandra has won the competition. She must be happy.
о We use cantaskt when we are certain that something is impossible.
You’re making a lot of mistakes. You cantaskt be paying attention.
о We use may or might if we think something is possible, but we aren’t certain.
He finds it difficult to read and write. He might be dyslexic.
Grammar exercises 7
1 Match the types of modal verbs (1-4) with their examples (a-d).
1 obligation (d)
2 no obligation
3 prohibition
4 ability
a) She can run very fast.
b) We don’t have to wear safety hats in here.
c) Children mustn’t use this equipment.
d) You must be quiet.
2 Complete the sentences with the affirmative or negative form of can, must or have to in the present.
1 Sophia can speak five languages.
2 We dontaskt have to go to school tomorrow. It’s a holiday.
3 You must be quiet in the library.
4 This box is very heavy. I cantaskt carry it.
5 You must wear a seat belt in the UK.
6 Your dad doesntaskt have to collect you from the party. We’ll take you home.
3 Rewrite the sentences using the correct form of can, must or have to.
1 You aren’t allowed to climb any skyscrapers in this city.
You mustn’t climb any skyscrapers in this city.
2 It’s necessary to get a ticket at the ticket machine.
You have to get a ticket at the ticket machine.
3 It isn’t necessary for her to wear a helmet.
She doesntaskt have to wear a helmet.
4 He is very good at football.
He can play football very well.
5 He doesn’t know how to swim.
He cantaskt swim.
6 You aren’t allowed to shout in school.
You mustntaskt shout in school.
4 Circle the correct words.
1 When I was 7,1 could ride a bike.
2 My brother didn’t have to tidy his room when he was a child.
3 When we were children, we had to go to bed early.
4 When Keith was younger, he couldn’t play tennis. He’s really good now.
5 When we lived in France, we had to speak French.
6 I didn’t have to climb the ladder because I’m scared of heights.
5 Complete the sentences with can / cantaskt, could / couldntaskt, had to / didntaskt have to and the verbs in the box.
Make, move, pay, read, see, run
1 He fell over and hurt his back. He couldn’t move for two hours.
2 You didntaskt have to make a cake. We have a lot of food here.
3 I cantaskt read this label. The print is tiny.
4 We had to pay €30 to see the exhibition. It was really expensive!
5 They couldntaskt see the road in front. It was very foggy.
6 Jim could run very fast when he was at school.
6 Correct the errors.
1 She can be at school. I’ve just seen her at the supermarket. X
She can’t be at school. I’ve just seen her at the supermarket. V
2 People are taking a lot of photos of that man. He can’t be famous. X
3 I don’t know where I put my mobile phone. It must be in your car. X
4 They haven’t eaten anything all day. They might be hungry. X
5 It must be easy to be dyslexic. X
6 You can’t see me later, but I’m not sure. I have to finish my homework first. X
7 Complete the sentences with must, might or cantaskt and a suitable verb.
1 She speaks English, but she isn’t from England.
She might be Scottish.
2 He fell asleep during dinner.
He must be tired.
3 That cake is enormous.
He cantaskt eat it all himself.
4 Our neighbours are always buying new things.
They must have a lot of money.
5 Why is she wearing a jumper?
She must be cold.