Стр.56-57 Модуль 2 ГДЗ Starlight Баранова 10 класс
Unit 2.11 Writing: Essays Expository Essays Expository essays are essays that explain a topic m a logical way, presenting a balanced analysis of a topic based on facts, not the writer’s feelings or opinions.
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Приведем выдержку из задания из учебника Баранова, Дули, Копылова 10 класс, Просвещение:
Unit 2.11
Writing: Essays
Expository Essays
Expository essays are essays that explain a topic m a logical way, presenting a balanced analysis of a topic based on facts, not the writer’s feelings or opinions. They answer questions such as why something happens, how something works, what something does and so on. They usually discuss an idea, a situation, a process, etc, not a personal experience. For example, the rubric “Explain how technology has changed the role of the teacher in the classroom.” Asks students to explain, not to express their opinion or argue on the topic. Expository essays arc intended to show the writer’s knowledge of a subject.
There are different types of expository essays.
A Definition essays, which explain the meaning of a word, term or concept, what an unusual object or animal is, etc.
В Compare/Contrast essays, which describe the similarities and/or the differences between two or more people, places or things.
C Cause/Effect essays, which explain why something happens, what happens as a result of something, or both.
D “How” essays, which explain how to do something (instructions), how to get somewhere (directions), how something works (e.g. How does snow form?), etc.
An expository essay usually consists of five paragraphs.
Introduction
Paragraph 1: Where you make your thesis statement (a sentence that clearly states the main idea of the essay), followed by a brief outline of the main points of the essay.
The introductory paragraph needs to provoke the reader’s interest and then to define the main idea without expressing a personal point of view or giving an opinion.
Main body
Paragraph 2: First point supporting your thesis statement with examples, reasons or explanations.
Paragraph 3: Second point supporting your thesis statement with examples, reasons or explanations. Paragraph 4: Third point supporting your thesis statement with examples, reasons or explanations. Each main body paragraph should start with a topic sentence based on one of the points in the outline In the Introduction. This Is followed by supporting sentences further explaining the topic sentence.
Conclusion
Paragraph 5: Where you restate the thesis of the essay and the points you made in the main body paragraphs.
The conclusion does not introduce new ideas, but can leave the reader with something to consider.
1 Read the rubrics and decide which kind of expository essay (А, В, C or D) each one is. Which words helped you decide?
1 Read the following question. What is a traditional dish in your country and how is It mode? Answer the question. Write 200-2S0 words.
2 Read the following question. What does the term ‘emergency services’ mean? Answer the question. Explain what the term means. Write 200-250 words.
3 Read the following question. What are the differences between working for a large company and working for a small one? Discuss the question. Write 200-250 words.
4 Read the following statement. Vegans and vegetarians have many things in common. Compare and contrast the two jobs. Write 200-250 words
5 Look at the following question. Why is junk food so popular and what effect does it have on our health? Discuss the question. Write 200-250 words.
6 Read the following statement. Eating disorders like anorexia are especially common amongst teenagers. Why is this so? Write 200-250 words.
7 Look at the following question. How can we stay slim without having to follow a strict diet? Answer the question. Write 200-250 words.
8 Look at the following question. Are there any unusual customs or beliefs in your country? Think of one. Explain what it is. Write 200-250 words.
2 a) Read the model and match it to one of the rubrics from Ex. 1. Then match paragraphs 1-5 with paragraph summaries a-e.
1 Does keeping ourselves slim have to mean following a strict eating regime? For those of us who find dieting difficult, there are other alternative ways to keep in shape which involve eating the right amounts of the right food at the right time.
2 Food must be of good quality. Avoid low-fat, reduced-sugar diet foods and drinks as they often lack essential nutrients. Instead, eat simple balanced meals with a wide selection of foods, including plenty of fruit and vegetables, which are low in calories. In this way, we ensure our diet is rich in vitamins and minerals.
3 Quantities matter too. Aim to eat little and often rather than having just one or two big meals a day. This helps the body to burn calories more quickly. In addition, we can reduce portion sizes. For example, instead of heaping a big dinner plate with food, we can use a smaller plate and still feel full.
4 The timing of meals is also important. Avoid eating before bedtime because the body cannot digest food properly at night. Instead, it is stored as fat. However, it is also unwise to skip meals. If wo allow ourselves to become extremely hungry, we are likely to overeat later on.
5 To conclude, there are three simple ways to stay slim and trim. Controlling the quality and quantity of what we eat is important, as is when we eat. We don’t have to follow a ‘faddy’ diet regime. Following a sensible eating pattern can be just as effective.
PARAGRAPH PLAN
1 Paragraph 1
2 Paragraph 2
3 Paragraph 3
4 Paragraph 4
5 Paragraph 5
a 3rd explanation of how to stay slim + reasons/examples
b 2nd explanation of how to stay slim + reasons/examples
c conclusion
d introduction
e 1st explanation of how to stay slim + reasons/examples
b) Find the topic sentences and replace them with other suitable ones.
c) Replace the words in bold in the model with others from the table.
Giving reasons
as/since/because
For this reason….
That/This is why „.
Giving examples
For example/For Instance. …
like/such as
Adding points
Additionally,…
Furthermore/Moreover,…
Another/A further point to consider is …
Showing contrast
Nevertheless/However….
On the other hand….
In contrast…
rather than/instead of…
Showing results
As a result, …
This means that…
Therefore/Consequently….
Concluding
In conclusion….
To sum up. …
All In all. …
3 a) Read the rubric.
Look at the following question. How can busy working people ensure that they follow a healthy diet? Answer the question.
b) Copy the paragraph plan. Then listen to two people discussing the question in Ex. 3a. As you listen, take notes to complete the paragraph plan.
Paragraph 1
(Introduction)
Paragraph 2
(main body)
Paragraph 3
(main body)
Paragraph 4
(main body)
Paragraph 5
(conclusion)
Thesis
how busy working people can follow a healthy diet
First explanation
1) plan menus ahead of time
Second explanation
4) cook for more than one meal at a time
Third explanation
7) bring food from home to work
Summing up
three ways people with jobs con eat healthily
3 points to cover
planning meals, cooking extra portions, avoiding bought meals
Supporting points
2) plan meals for 7 days & do a weekly shop 3) ensures a healthy, balanced diet
Supporting points
5) cook several portions of food that can be frozen 6) meal ready to eat another day when short of time
Supporting points
8) e.g. prepare a nutritious sandwich 9) keep a supply of healthy snacks like dried fruit & nuts
3 points
advance planning of meals, preparing extra food, bringing in your own lunch/snacks
Текст аудирования:
Woman: Hello, Mike. Congratulations on your new job. You’re starting next month, aren’t you?
Man: Thanks, Rachel. It’s my first permanent job and I’m really excited. I’m a bit worried about moving away from home and setting up flat on my own, though. I’m really going to miss my mum’s cooking and I don’t know how I’ll manage to have a full-time job and still eat properly. How do you do it?
Woman: Well, as you know, I’ve been working up in London for the past six months. It’s not easy to cook healthy meals when you’re out working all day. A lot of my friends end up ordering takeaways and junk food. But I’ve come up with a few ideas.
Man: Like?
Woman: Well, the most important thing for me is to plan menus ahead. I plan all my meals for the coming week. Then, I make a shopping list for all the food I’ll need and do a weekly shop. That ensures that I eat healthy balanced meals during the week and not rubbish.
Man: Wow! That sounds very organised. But does that mean you have to cook every day when you get home?
Woman: Actually, no. The other trick I have is to cook for more than one meal. Say, twice a week, I’ll cook several portions of something that I can put in the freezer. That means I have something ready to eat another day when I don’t have enough time to cook.
Man: That’s a great idea! You just have to defrost it in the microwave, right?
Woman: Yes, it really does save valuable time.
Man: That’s all well and good for your evening meal. But how do you manage to have something healthy when you’re actually at work?
Woman: When I go to work, I always bring in food from home. For example, it takes less than five minutes to prepare a nutritious sandwich for lunch. Another thing I do is to keep a supply of healthy snacks at work, like dried fruit and nuts.
Man: You’ve certainly given me some food for thought, Rachel! I’ll have to try and get organised like you.
Woman: Great! Let me know how you get on!
c) Use your notes from Ex. 3b to write the essay. Write 200-250 words.