Стр.56-57 ГДЗ Starlight Баранова 11 класс

Приведем выдержку из задания из учебника Баранова, Дули, Копылова 11 класс, Просвещение:

Writing skills – Argumentative

1 Read the following beginnings and endings and say

which are beginnings and which are endings.

Which type of argumentative essay (an essay describing advantages & disadvantages, an opinion essay or an essay providing solutions to problems) each is from.

Which of the following techniques have been used in each.

Beginnings

start with an objective statement

make reference to a strange scene/situation

address the reader directly

include a quotation/a rhetorical question

state a problem that needs a solution

Endings

give your opinion on the topic

give the reader something to consider

include a quotation or rhetorical question

1 All in all, while there are several disadvantages to city life, I personally believe that there are far more advantages. At the end of the day, though, it is a matter of personal choice whether we prefer to live in a city or not.

2 In recent years, children have been eating a lot more junk food in place of the healthier, home-cooked meals that they used to eat in the past. As far as I am concerned, one of the ways in which we can help to change this situation is to totally ban junk food adverts on TV.

3 Our towns and cities have seen a steady increase in the number of petty crimes being committed, such as shoplifting and vandalism. Is there something that can be done about this?

4 You get on and off a crowded bus, push through the noisy people in the street and breathe in lots of horrible car fumes. This is the more unpleasant side of city life, but many people say that the benefits of living in a city far outweigh the drawbacks.

5 In summary, there are several measures that can be taken to lower the rate of petty crime in our towns and cities. After all, a lower crime rate would benefit all of us, so why shouldn’t we all play our part in achieving it?

6 All things considered, while I agree that there is little wrong with eating junk food occasionally as part of a balanced diet, I strongly believe that banning junk food ads would help make our children adopt healthier eating habits. As Norman Douglas once said, “You can tell the ideals of a nation by its advertisements.”

For-&-Against Essays

2 a) Read the model and put the paragraphs in the correct order.

b) Complete the table with the points the writer makes for/against the topic.

The Pros and Cons of Everyone Using Public Transport Instead of Cars

A There would certainly be plenty of advantages of totally replacing cars with public transport. Firstly, our health would be improved, as much of the air pollution in towns and cities is caused by emissions from vehicle exhausts. Secondly, our towns and cities would generally become a lot more pleasant. Not only would there be no traffic jams, which would make our journeys much faster, but there would be hardly any noise pollution, either. Finally, there would be a dramatic reduction in traffic accidents. This, of course, would save many lives.

В All in all, although there may be some difficulties as a result of everyone using public transport instead of cars, in my opinion, the advantages would far outweigh the disadvantages. After all, haven’t we let cars take over our lives for far too long already?

C Can you imagine what would happen if no one used their cars but took public transport everywhere instead? Without a doubt, there are both benefits and drawbacks to such a situation.

D On the other hand, totally replacing car travel with public transport is not without its disadvantages. In the first place, public transport may become unpleasant to travel on. For example, it would be extremely crowded and possibly dirty and petty crime such as pickpocketing may increase. In addition, despite the lack of traffic, people may begin finding it more difficult to travel around, as they will be limited by public transport timetables and routes.

3 Replace the linking words in bold with those in the list below.

4 a) Find the topic sentences in the main body paragraphs and replace them with other appropriate ones.

b) Write supporting sentences to match the topic sentences below. Use appropriate linking words.

Opinion Essays

5 a) Read the model, then find the writer’s viewpoints and the reasons he/she uses to support them. Complete the table.

Are Your Friends Often More Important Than Your Family?

Most people would be very unhappy if they suddenly had no friends to hang out with or to confide in. There are times when friends are very important indeed. In my opinion however, in the end family always comes first.

Firstly, however close a friend is to you, they may not always be able to be there for you. For example, if they move house or change schools it may become difficult to keep in touch. A family, on the other hand, will almost never abandon you.

Secondly, family members are usually willing to accept you no matter what happens. If you are going through a bad time, for instance, they will put up with your bad moods and support you because they love you. Friends, on the other hand, may be less willing to forgive and forget if you upset them.

However, there are times when only a friend can provide us with what we need. A good friend totally understands us because we share the same interests and we enjoy each other’s company. Still our family are always there to support us.

In summary, although there may be times when you need a friend more than you need a member of your family, for most people, family is more important. After all, as the saying goes, “Blood is thicker than water”.

b) Replace each main body topic sentence with an alternative.

6 What techniques has the writer used to begin/end the essay? Replace them with suitable alternatives.

Essays Providing Solutions to Problems

7 a) Read the model and complete the table.

How Can High Stress Levels Among Teenagers Be Reduced?

Many teenagers are under enormous amounts of stress these days. They are under a lot of pressure at school, they take on part-time jobs and some even have serious family or other social problems to deal with, too. This stress can have serious effects on their health.

One way in which teens could reduce their stress is by finding different ways to handle it. They could make sure they do something relaxing each day, such as going for a walk with a friend or taking a long, hot bath. By doing this, they will cope better with the pressures they have to face every day.

Another important way to reduce stress is by staying healthy. Teens should make sure they get enough sleep, exercise and eat regular, nutritious meals. In this way their bodies will be stronger and able to fight the negative effects of stress more effectively.

All in all, there are several ways in which the teens of today can manage the high levels of stress that they have to cope with. They certainly don’t have to let it rule their lives.

Suggestions

Results

b) Underline the phrases used to introduce suggestions and circle those which introduce the results and consequences.

8 Look at Ex. 7 again and write an argumentative essay (200-250 words) on one of the following.

1 How can students be encouraged to make better use of the school library?

2 How can young people be better prepared for the future?