Стр.41 Unit 4 ГДЗ Вербицкая Forward 11 класс
SPEAKING AND LISTENING 1 In pairs, look at the pictures and the headline and discuss the questions. • What secret societies or fraternities do you know of?
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Приведем выдержку из задания из учебника Вербицкая, Камине Д.Карр, Парсонс 11 класс, Просвещение:
SPEAKING AND LISTENING
1 In pairs, look at the pictures and the headline and discuss the questions.
• What secret societies or fraternities do you know of?
• Why do people create or join them?
• Would you like to belong to one? What kind, and why, or why not?
41 NEWS
Daily News July 14
Secrets revealed?
2 T024 Listen to the introduction to a current affairs programme. What is it going to be about? How do we know?
Текст аудирования:
Presenter: … the talks will start again next Monday. Now on to the next part of our programme tonight. Secrets and unsolved mysteries are once again in the news. And once again, it’s thought that well-known public figures are involved, but this time in connection with our universities, and their infamous secret societies. But what do we know about these societies? What exactly are they and how did they start? What influence do they have on people, both inside and outside university walls? Our correspondent, Tom Wilson, is here to comment.
3 Before you listen to Part 2, use your dictionary to check the meaning of the words and phrases below.
a sorority; to pledge; rituals; handshakes; initiation rites; to bond
4 T025 Listen to Part 2 and complete each gap with only one word.
Famous public figures often 1) belong to secret societies.
In the USA, Gamma Phi Beta is a famous university sorority, a special society for 2) women.
The names of such societies often contain 3) Greek letters.
Only members know the secret rituals, like 4) passwords, songs and handshakes.
New members are invited to join fraternities during ‘5) Rush Week’.
A minimum grade average is one type of 6) requirement for fraternity membership.
Six US 7) Presidents formerly belonged to a fraternity at Yale.
Текст аудирования:
Presenter: So Tom, are we really surrounded by secret societies? And are they indeed so popular among young people, especially those at famous universities like Yale or Harvard in the States, or Oxford and Cambridge here in Britain? Could you let us in on some of the secrets?
Tom: Well, we know that secret societies exist, and that many public figures have belonged, and might still belong to them. And, yes, it’s often the case that people join a secret society at university. For example, David Cameron, the young Conservative leader, was in the Bullingdon Club at Oxford. Prince Charles was a Cambridge Apostle when he was there … And university societies like these are particularly popular in the States — they call them fraternities, or ‘frats’ — and sororities if they’re just for women.
Presenter: Like the famous Gamma Phi Beta society?
Tom: Exactly. Broadly speaking, most of these organisations have names made up of Greek letters, which have a ‘secret meaning’ that only members know. And they tend to have lots of secret rituals and symbols, like passwords, songs, handshakes, initiation rites, that sort of thing.
Presenter: And don’t they all live in the same place as a rule? In a ‘frat house’? You see it in movies sometimes.
Tom: Oh yes — that’s important. It’s to encourage members to ‘bond’, to develop a special relationship with each other. And also to provide a kind of centre for events, administration and so on.
Presenter: Is it hard to become a member of one of these organisations?
Tom: Well, they have what’s called ‘Rush Week’, when new students are invited to meet members of the different frats. Each one has different requirements, such as a minimum grade average. Then at the end of the week, the house invites some of the students to ‘pledge’ to the fraternity or sorority.
Presenter: And are these organisations very influential beyond university, Tom?
Tom: Well, it’s widely believed that they are. Many of their members have gone on to be very successful in life. For example, one Yale University fraternity, Delta Kappa Epsilon, had six members who went on to become President of the United States!
Presenter: Really? That’s incredible. So do members usually keep in touch after they leave university?
Tom: There’s a common belief that many of them do … But we can’t be sure, can we, because it’s all a secret!
Presenter: Exactly.
5 T026 Listen to the last part of the programme and answer the questions.
1 When and why did secret societies first begin?
2 Why do students join these fraternities? Which of these reasons is the most important and why?
Текст аудирования:
Presenter: But what is all this fascination with secrets? Like the success of that book, the Da Vinci Code? Everybody I know has read it! And now there are lots of similar books around …
Tom: Yes, people have always had a tendency to be fascinated by secrets. And secret societies have existed for thousands of years. Look at the ancient Greeks, the Egyptians and so on … On the whole, their civilisations were based on secret knowledge and rituals — it was all about power and influence. Of course, it’s human nature too — we need to create bonds and trust each other.
Presenter: So what is the point of the university societies?
Tom: It’s exactly the same as with any other society, I suppose. Generally speaking, they exist to help students bond with each other, and develop pride in their university, and themselves. It’s not just the fascination with secrets that attracts students, it’s also the feeling of belonging to something that it provides — belonging to something unique and special.
Presenter: Tom, thank you so much for being with us. Well, that’s all for tonight’s programme — until next week, goodbye from all of us here …
6 T027 You will hear a presentation on the Cambridge Apostles. First read Speak Out and complete sentences 1-8 with one word in each gap. Then listen and check.
SPEAK OUT Generalising
It is said/believed/thought that …
It is generally/widely agreed/believed that …
They tend to …/It tends to …
People/They have a tendency to …
Theretasks a common belief that …
It is usually/often the case that …
Broadly/Generally speaking, …
On the whole,/In general,/As a rule, …
In their view, …/Apparently, …
1 The society is, broadly speaking, a debating club.
2 But now it tends to be called the Cambridge Apostles.
3 It is thought that this name came from the idea that twelve new members are elected every year.
4 As a rule, members have meetings once a week.
5 Ittasks usually the case that Apostles are undergraduates.
6 Apostles have a tendency to become Angels after they graduate.
7 It is often said that the Angels meet at a Cambridge college every few years.
8 It was widely believed that some of the spies had been Apostles.
Текст аудирования:
The Cambridge Apostles
The Cambridge Apostles is the name of an elite intellectual secret society at Cambridge University and was founded in 1820. The society is, broadly speaking, a debating club, and its original name was the Cambridge Conversazione Society. But now it tends to be called the Cambridge Apostles. It’s thought that this name came from the idea that twelve new members are elected every year — the twelve most brilliant students at the university. As a rule, members have meetings once a week, when one member gives a prepared talk on any subject they like, even if it’s controversial or politically incorrect. It’s usually the case that ‘Apostles’ are undergraduates. Former members are called ‘Angels’, and Apostles have always had a tendency to become Angels after they graduate. They then look out for new members at the university. It’s often said that the angels meet at a Cambridge college every few years in great secrecy! The Apostles last came to public attention when news of the Cambridge spy ring came out in the early 1960s. It was widely believed that some of the spies had been Apostles. Then much later, in 1979, another Apostle was named as a spy: Sir Anthony Blunt. He’d formerly been art adviser to Queen Elizabeth II and was knighted in 1956. Of course, he lost his knighthood immediately. It was a big shock to everybody at the time and the society …
7 Write three opinions about each of the statements below, using language from Speak Out. Then compare and discuss your answers in groups.
• Nobody can ever keep a secret.
• Everybody needs their privacy.
• We all need somebody to confide in.